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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Asymmetric ester hydrolysis with pig-liver esterase ： ウィキペディア英語版 Asymmetric ester hydrolysis with pig-liver esterase Asymmetric ester hydrolysis with pig liver esterase is the enantioselective conversion of an ester to a carboxylic acid through the action of the enzyme pig liver esterase (EC 3.1.1.1). Asymmetric ester hydrolysis involves the selective reaction of one of a pair of either enantiotopic (within the same molecule and related by a symmetry plane of the molecule) or enantiomorphic (in enantiomeric molecules and related as mirror images) ester groups.〔Ohno, M.; Otsuka, M. ''Org. React.'' 1989, ''37'', 1. 〕 ==Introduction== Enzymes, which are composed of chiral amino acids, catalyze chemical reactions with high stereoselectivity. Specifically, esterase enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of esters to carboxylic acids. This transformation may be rendered asymmetric if two enantiotopic ester groups exist in the substrate or if a racemic mixture of chiral esters is used. In the former case (desymmetrization), the chiral environment of the enzyme active site leads to selective hydrolysis of the ester that is closer to the catalytically active serine residue when the substrate is bound to the enzyme. In the latter case (kinetic resolution), one of the enantiomers is hydrolyzed faster than the other, leading to an excess of hydrolyzed product from one enantiomer. Both strategies rely on the fact that the transition states for hydrolysis of enantiotopic or enantiomorphic ester groups by the chiral enzyme are diastereomeric.〔Rétey, J.; Robinson, J. ''Stereospecificity in Organic Chemistry and Enzymology'', Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1982.〕 Pig liver esterase (PLE) is a widely used enzyme for asymmetric ester hydrolysis. Although it was originally used for the desymmetrizing hydrolysis of glutarate esters,〔Cohen, S.; Khedouri, E. ''J. Am. Chem. Soc.'' 1961, ''83'', 1093.〕 PLE also hydrolyzes malonates, cyclic diesters, monoesters, and other substrates. Active site models have been advanced to explain the selectivity of PLE.〔Zemlicka, J.; Craine, L.; Heeg, M.-J.; Oliver, J. ''J. Org. Chem.'' 1988, ''53'', 937.〕 ''(1)''File:EsteraseGen.png 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Asymmetric ester hydrolysis with pig-liver esterase」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.